
Ethereum represents the gateway to a worldwide, decentralized computing paradigm. This platform enables you to run decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts that have no central points of failure or control, integrate with a payment network, and operate on an open blockchain. With this practical guide, Andreas M. Antonopoulos and Gavin Wood provide everything you need to know about building smart contracts and DApps on Ethereum and other virtual-machine blockchains.

Discover why IBM, Microsoft, NASDAQ, and hundreds of other organizations are experimenting with Ethereum. This essential guide shows you how to develop the skills necessary to be an innovator in this growing and exciting new industry.

A guide to the operation and use of Ethereum and other EVM-compatible blockchains.

Mastering Ethereum


The story of the idealists, technologists, and opportunists fighting to bring cryptocurrency to the masses.

In their short history, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have gone through booms, busts, and internecine wars, recently reaching a market valuation of more than $2 trillion. The central promise of crypto endures—vast fortunes made from decentralized networks not controlled by any single entity and not yet regulated by many governments.

The recent growth of crypto would have been all but impossible if not for a brilliant young man named Vitalik Buterin and his creation: Ethereum. In this book, Laura Shin takes readers inside the founding of this novel cryptocurrency network, which enabled users to launch their own new coins, thus creating a new crypto fever. She introduces readers to larger-than-life characters like Buterin, the Web3 wunderkind; his short-lived CEO, Charles Hoskinson; and Joe Lubin, a former Goldman Sachs VP who became one of crypto’s most well-known billionaires. Sparks fly as these outsized personalities fight for their piece of a seemingly limitless new business opportunity.

This fascinating book shows the crypto market for what it really is: a deeply personal struggle to influence the coming revolution in money, culture, and power.

Idealism, Greed, Lies, and the Making of the First Big Cryptocurrency Craze

The Cryptopians


Tokens - often referred to as cryptocurrencies - can represent anything from an asset to an access right, such as gold, diamonds, a fraction of a Picasso painting or an entry ticket to a concert. Tokens could also be used to reward social media contributions, incentivize the reduction of CO2 emissions, or even ones attention for watching an ad. While it has become easy to create a token, which is collectively managed by a public Web3 infrastructure like a blockchain network, the understanding of how to apply these tokens is still vague.

The industry keeps referring to “Blockchain” as different from “Bitcoin,” creating an artificial divide that is often misleading. There seems to be too little understanding about the fact that Bitcoin is a blockchain network, which is (a) globally managed by people who mostly do not know each other, and (b) enabled by the consensus protocol that (c) incentivizes all network actors for their contributions with a native token. The governance rules are tied to the minting of a native blockchain token. The Bitcoin token can, therefore, be seen as the currency of a distributed Internet tribe, called the Bitcoin network, where network actors are rewarded with Bitcoins, just as the Ether is the currency of the distributed Internet tribe Ethereum network, or Sia is the native currency of the Sia network. The Bitcoin network and other distributed ledgers all represent a collectively maintained public infrastructure and are the backbone of the next generation Internet, what the crypto community refers to as the Web3.

This book attempts to summarize existing knowledge about blockchain networks and other distributed ledgers as the backbone of the Web3, and contextualize the socio-economic implications of the Web3 applications such as smart contracts, tokens, and DAOs to the concepts of money, economics, governance and decentralized finance (DeFi).

Token Economy


Learn to Code Blockchain DApps By Building Simple Games

CryptoZombies is an interactive school that teaches you all things technical about blockchains. Learn to make smart contracts in Solidity or Libra by making your own crypto-collectibles game.

#1 Solidity Tutorial & Ethereum Blockchain Programming Course

CryptoZombies


More and more DeFi projects on Ethereum are getting hacked. This is your chance to join the party.

Each challenge can be considered standalone. Depending on the challenge, you should either stop the system from working, steal as much funds as you can, or do some other unexpected things.

Put your black hat on, and break some DeFi projects on Ethereum!

Damn Vulnerable DeFi


This is an interactive tutorial website for learning Vyper while building games using smart contracts, similar to Cryptozombies.

VyperFun


Blockchain is an exciting new discipline in Computer Science. It combines a wide array of skills from math and cryptography to social sciences and understanding organizations. Understanding blockchain decentralization and how/where to apply it is a brand new skill that very few have mastered.

You will build your skills from the ground up with strong fundamentals that will provide you with the ability to adapt in this rapidly evolving ecosystem.

Choose From Multiple Paths to Begin Your Ethereum Coding Journey.

Fast-track your Ethereum Developer career in an instructor-led and challenging bootcamp focused on discussion and application!

ChainShot


This is an initiative for the early solidity developers by those who were early developers sometime.

In this approach, we are looking to categorize the smart contract according to the difficulty level in multiple standards. For now, we are keeping the standard 0 to 5(can be discussed).

This initiative needs great support from Blockchain enthusiast, developer and researchers to build this school in a way which can attract learners and provide them ease for development.

First place for early developers to learn Solidity 

solidity-school


## Introductory Modules

- What is a SNARK?
- Building a SNARK (part 1)
- Building a SNARK (part 2)

## Whiteboard Sessions with ZK Projects​

- SNARKs vs. STARKS with Brendan and Bobbin
- PLONK and Custom Gates with Adrian Hamelink
- Lookup Arguments for Performance Optimisation with Mary Maller
- Zero Knowledge Virtual Machine (zkVM) with grjte
- Achieving Decentralised Private Computation with Pratyush Mishra
- Introduction to zkRollups with Barry Whitehat
- zkEVM with Jordi Baylina
- ZK Swaps with Henry de Valence
- zkID with Oleksandr Brezhniev
- Fast Recursion with Plonky2 with William Borgeaud

ZK Whiteboard Sessions is an educational series on all things zero knowledge

ZK Whiteboard Sessions


## What is a smart contract?

Smart contracts are the backbone of decentralized applications (DApps) and Web3. A smart contract is a simple program that lives on a blockchain network (such as Ethereum). They're actually not that smart. And nothing like a (legal) contract. They’re more like an executable piece of code that requires input or an trigger from an external source. They can validate those input conditions and if correct, execute their own logic to update the state on a blockchain.

## Benefits

They often serve the following purposes:
- Store and maintain data
- Manage relationships with users, or other contracts

Benefits of smart contracts are
- Immutable - once deployed none can change them
- Composable - they’re public and anyone can interact with them, or build on top of them. Much like public APIs

## Resources

The following resources have been the most popular resources on the site for a long time. These are all highly recommend to start learning about Solidity


### 1. Official Solidity website
The most obvious resources is ofcourse the official website and documentation of the Solidity team itself. The Solidity team covers all the core concepts and fundamentals of Solidity and smart contracts in general. Highly recommended

https://soliditylang.org/


### 2. Solidity by Example
The second one on the list is Solidity by Example. A great collection of more pratical examples, incl. source code and supporting videos.

https://solidity-by-example.org/


### 3. CryptoZombies 
CryptoZombies is an interactive school that teaches you all things technical about blockchains. A fun and interactive way to write smart contracts in Solidity by making your own crypto-collectibles game.

https://cryptozombies.io/


### 4. Speedrun Ethereum

Speedrun Ethereum helps you get to the next level. It teaches you how to build on Ethereum; the superpowers and the gotchas while you build up your Web3 portfolio. If you like this, also make sure to check out the other work of the amazing [Austin Griffith](https://twitter.com/austingriffith) such as [ETH-build](https://eth.build/) and [Scaffold-eth](https://scaffoldeth.io/).

https://speedrunethereum.com/


### 5. Smart Contract Best Practices 

Smart contracts are complex instruments that have the authority to allocate high-value resources between complex systems. Often working autonomously. With huge financial loss at risk. This makes them critical components in these systems. Development of such components requires thoughtful design, solid engineering practices, rigorous testing and a strong security mindset. This document provides a baseline knowledge of security considerations.

https://consensys.github.io/smart-contract-best-practices/


## Other resources

If you'd like to read more, make sure to checkout all the other [Solidity](/tags/smart%20contracts) resources on the site.

Solidity is a programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum. It's the most in demand skill in the Web3 space. These are the best resources to help you learn more about it.

Best resources to learn Solidity


This handbook is for people who are interested in exploring the vision behind “Web3”, and who wish to acquire in-demand skills that are essential to realizing that vision.  

A Handbook for Smart Contract Development

Learn Solidity

Free resources to learn about Zero Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and Cryptography

Road to ZK


Create Eth App supports multiple frontend frameworks. It comes with a host of decentralized finance templates pre-filled with contract ABIs, addresses and subgraphs. Everything you need to build a modern Ethereum-powered single-page app.

- Learning how to write Ethereum-powered apps in a comfortable and feature-rich development environment.
- Starting new Ethereum-powered single-page React applications without wasting time on copy-pasting boilerplates
- Creating examples with React for your Ethereum-related libraries and components.

Create Ethereum-powered apps with one command

Create Eth App


**Features**
- Next.js
- Ethereum
- Typescript
- Chakra UI
- Wagmi
- Connectkit
- Ethers.js

An open-source Next.js + Ethereum starter kit to quickly ship Web3 Apps

Nexth Starter kit


Everything you need to build on Ethereum!

Quickly experiment with Solidity using a frontend that adapts to your smart contract

Forkable Ethereum dev stack focused on fast product iterations

Scaffold-ETH


Becoming a blockchain engineer is the most fun, rewarding, and exhilarating choice I’ve and my colleagues have ever made. And we’ve already blazed the trail for you to get started! In this article, we will show you exactly how to learn to become a blockchain engineer, from beginner to professional.

Spoiler alert, here is the exact blueprint we are going to cover to get you to a successful blockchain engineer:

1. Understand why you should become a blockchain engineer
2. Take a Blockchain Course
3. Join a Hackathon, the Community, & Build
4. Start your own protocol, Take a job, Freelance & Contribute

If you make it this far, you’ve done it! Although, I’ll add a bonus step 5 that we will talk about soon.

5. You’ve made it! Keep learning!

That’s it! These are the exact steps you need to take to become a blockchain engineer!

Become a blockchain, solidity, and smart contract engineer by following these steps

Become a Blockchain Engineer


Odds are you’ve heard about the Ethereum blockchain, whether or not you know what it is. It’s been in the news a lot lately, including the cover of some major magazines, but reading those articles can be like gibberish if you don’t have a foundation for what exactly Ethereum is. So what is it? In essence, a public database that keeps a permanent record of digital transactions. Importantly, this database doesn’t require any central authority to maintain and secure it. Instead it operates as a “trustless” transactional system — a framework in which individuals can make peer-to-peer transactions without needing to trust a third party OR one another.

Still confused? That’s where this post comes in. My aim is to explain how Ethereum functions at a technical level, without complex math or scary-looking formulas. Even if you’re not a programmer, I hope you’ll walk away with at least better grasp of the tech. If some parts are too technical and difficult to grok, that’s totally fine! There’s really no need to understand every little detail. I recommend just focusing on understanding things at a broad level.

Many of the topics covered in this post are a breakdown of the concepts discussed in the yellow paper. I’ve added my own explanations and diagrams to make understanding Ethereum easier. Those brave enough to take on the technical challenge can also read the Ethereum yellow paper.

Many of the topics covered in this post are a breakdown of the concepts discussed in the yellow paper. I’ve added my own explanations and diagrams to make it easier.

How does Ethereum work, anyway?


I recently joined Edge & Node as a Developer Relations Engineer and have been diving deeper into smart contract development with Ethereum. I have settled upon what I think is the best stack for building full stack dApps with Solidity:

▶︎ Client Framework - React
▶︎ Ethereum development environment - Hardhat
▶︎ Ethereum Web Client Library - Ethers.js
▶︎ API layer - The Graph Protocol

Building Full Stack dApps with React, Ethers.js, Solidity, and Hardhat

The Complete Guide to Full Stack Ethereum Development


Educational sandbox for building on web3. Visually understand how Ethereum works by doing.

ETH.Build


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyMwXuJrbJQ

This course will give you a full introduction into all of the core concepts in blockchain, smart contracts, solidity, NFTs/ERC721s, ERC20s, Coding Decentralized Finance (DeFi), javascript and solidity, Chainlink, Ethereum, upgradable smart contracts, and full stack blockchain development.   

Some of the technologies covered are:
- The Graph
- Chainlink
- Metamask
- Alchemy
- Remix
- Hardhat
- Solidity
- Openzeppelin
- Trail of Bits
- Ganache
- Ethers
- Etherscan
- Coinmarketcap
- Aave
- IPFS
- Fleek.hq
- Filecoin
- NextJS
- Moralis
- Web3uikit
- Opensea
- Pinata
- Nft.storage

 And more!

Follow along with the videos and you'll be a blockchain wizard in no time!  💻 The repository with helpful links to all code, resources, and support forums is located here: https://github.com/smartcontractkit/full-blockchain-solidity-course-js.

This course will give you a full introduction into all of the core concepts related to blockchain, smart contracts, Solidity, ERC20s, full-stack Web3 dapps, decentralized finance (DeFi), JavaScript, TypeScript, Chainlink, Ethereum, upgradable smart contracts, DAOs, the graph, moralis, aave, IPFS, and more. Follow along with the videos and you'll be a blockchain wizard in no time!

Learn Blockchain, Solidity, and Full Stack Web3 Development with JavaScript – 32-Hour Course


Learning Solidity with a collection of YouTube videos and example code.

Learning Solidity


Here we collect and discuss the best DeFi & Blockchain researches and tools 

DeFi Developer roadmap


Nowadays there are countless well-made resources on how to learn blockchain development of all kinds and with different specializations in mind, however, it is still very hard to get guidance and personalized suggestions based on your interests. I am writing this guide in order to provide an aggregator of all the resources that I’ve found over the years, plus give some opinionated commentary on how to approach them and how to use them in order to maximize learning and practical understanding in order to get building cool things in the space as soon as possible.

This guide will focus on the Ethereum ecosystem as that’s where most developers and applications are. If you are interested in other ecosystems that are non-EVM compatible and are not L2s on Ethereum, then check out their respective documentation or guides written by their developer communities. Examples of other non-EVM compatible blockchains that are popular are Solana (Rust/Anchor), Polkadot (Rust/Substrate), Cosmos, Terra, and others. Most of these blockchains do or will support the EVM stack through various initiatives like Neon EVM (Solana), Moonbeam/Moonriver (Polkadot/Kusama), EVMOS (Cosmos), etc.

I really want this guide to become a community-sourced public good that everyone will be able to take advantage of. I will do my best to present it to the wider blockchain developer community to get constructive feedback, proofreading help, and insight into how to make it the best available guide available.

devpill.me


This document provides a baseline knowledge of security considerations for intermediate Solidity programmers. It is maintained by ConsenSys Diligence, with contributions from our friends in the broader Ethereum community.

A guide to Ethereum smart contract security best practices

Smart Contract Best Practices

Each instruction of the Virtual Machine uses four auxiliar values. One of them is the memory Cell that contains the auxiliar value `Dst`. We need to verify that our current state transition function updates it adequately for any piece of registry, and with all posible offsets.

good first issue

tests

A virtual machine for Cairo written in Go

cairo-vm-go

Test correct calculation of Cell Dst

bug 🐛

A system for managing privacy-preserving groups.

bandada

TypeScript

Dashboard: Add a member manually in on-chain groups only if it was not added before

## Description

There are some tests that take over 80s to run. 

These tests can be identified in our CI runs or using cargo-nextest locally. 

For CI performance and generally minimizing overhead of testing the Lighthouse repository, it would be good to get all tests to run in under 1m, and ideally much less than that 30s (perhaps?). 

We can adjust the testing config to lower times per test as we slowly address each test. The end-goal will be a very fast CI, which has its own numerous benefits that I wont list here. 

enhancement

help wanted

lighthouse

Rust

Adjust all unit tests to run under 1m

Some APIs return `std::optional<Token>` and others return `Token` knowing that they will be nullable-ish. In the Python bindings, we should specialize `nanobind::type_caster<std::optional<::pasta::Token>>` and `nanobind::type_caster<::pasta::Token>` to present both as `Optional[Token]`.

pasta

Make Token optional in Python bindings

```int a __attribute__((annotate("a"))), b __attribute__((annotate("b")));```

In the above, we'll print this roughly as:
```
int a __attribute__((annotate("a")));
int b __attribute__((annotate("b")))
```

This affects the algorithm in `PrintedTokenRange::AlignTokens`.


Improve pretty printer for comma-separated VarDecls and FieldDecls

I just started the dappeteer topic and wanted to test the codes on the home page as an example. I do not receive any errors when I run the codes, but after opening the Metamask page, the page hangs and closes without logging in.

**My Code:**

```js
import dappeteer from '@chainsafe/dappeteer';

async function main() {
  const { metaMask, browser } = await dappeteer.bootstrap({
    headless: false, 
    seed: 'test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test ', // 24 words
    password : 'my_password', 
    showTestNets: true,
  });

  // create a new page and visit your dapp
  const dappPage = await browser.newPage();
  await dappPage.goto('http://my-dapp.com');

  // you can change the network if you want
  await metaMask.switchNetwork('goerli');

  // do something in your dapp that prompts MetaMask to add a Token
  const addTokenButton = await dappPage.$('#add-token');
  await addTokenButton.click();
  // instruct MetaMask to accept this request
  await metaMask.acceptAddToken();

  // do something that prompts MetaMask to confirm a transaction
  const payButton = await dappPage.$('#pay-with-eth');
  await payButton.click();

  // 🏌
  await metaMask.confirmTransaction();
}

main();

```

**SS:**

![sssssss](https://github.com/ChainSafe/dappeteer/assets/22448940/a70db32d-a16b-4ac7-a3cb-731afd7ed65b)


🏌🏼‍E2E testing for dApps using Puppeteer + MetaMask

dappeteer

metamask gets stuck on the "Let's get started" screen

It should be set to the version present in `Cargo.toml`. Test should be added to verify that it is always up to date

Component: Forge

Blazing fast toolkit for developing Starknet contracts.

starknet-foundry

Set version field in `snforge_std`

I.e., make [env_cargo_path](https://github.com/trailofbits/dylint/tree/master/examples/general/env_cargo_path) into a lint that detects any string literal that is an absolute path into the user's home directory.

This function can be used to get the user's home directory: https://docs.rs/home/latest/home/fn.home_dir.html

One advantage of this change is that the new lint can be a late lint instead of a pre-exapnsion lint.

A tool for running Rust lints from dynamic libraries

dylint

Change `enve_cargo_path` to `abs_home_path`

https://github.com/fizyk20/generic-array/pull/138 has been merged. Once RustCrypto crates adopt it, eg `cipher`, we should take advantage of this to get rid of transmutes in our `Block` impl introduced in #59 

Multi-party computation libraries written in Rust 🦀

Use `generic-array` v1.0

Maybe it could be similar to the Juno has:  https://github.com/NethermindEth/juno/blob/main/.github/workflows/juno-lint.yml

starknet.go

Add a workflow to check formatting of the code

### **Description**

This ticket aims to clean up the transform functions that are being used by redux-persist. The tasks include removing old fields and fixing typos. Here are two areas to address so far:
https://github.com/MetaMask/metamask-mobile/blob/main/app/store/index.ts#L78
https://github.com/MetaMask/metamask-mobile/blob/df4b055e91807d8081d6884b8d9c585bccbd3f2e/app/store/index.ts#L92

### **Technical Details**

- Address typo comment - https://github.com/MetaMask/metamask-mobile/blob/main/app/store/index.ts#L78
- Remove old field - https://github.com/MetaMask/metamask-mobile/blob/df4b055e91807d8081d6884b8d9c585bccbd3f2e/app/store/index.ts#L92

### **Acceptance Criteria**

- `tokensChainsCache` should be omitted from persisted data
- We are no longer attempting to deconstruct undefined fields in the transform functions


team-mobile-client

Mobile web browser providing access to websites that use the Ethereum blockchain

metamask-mobile

JavaScript

Clean up redux-persist's transform functions

Guidance from @shanejonas :

> in docusaurus-openrpc repo render the `info.description` field as the index page

tech-writing

team-devex

metamask-docs

Incorporate a base landing page into the JSON-RPC API Playground section

Motivating questions:

1. How big is the difference over using JSON-RPC for realistic scenarios?
2. Depending on the answer to (1), who will want to use the gRPC server over the standardized JSON-RPC endpoints?
3. Can we improve performance even further by using different Pebble features? 

Good first issue

juno

Add benchmarks for grpc server

Certain rpc methods use a switch statement to return rpc errors. However, we should use unwrapErr().

depends on https://github.com/NethermindEth/starknet.go/pull/316

use unwrapErr trhoughout the codebase

Look into using juno/pkg/slices.go utils.Map in particular for things like HexArrToFelt(...)  etc

Use Juno utils.Map

- Try https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/extensions/high-performance-logging approach
- Clean up logging
- Add documentation about log usage and when to use specific log levels


dotnet-libp2p

Improve logging

Rn we don't explicitly mention that the installation script won't work out of the box on windows, we should mention that manual installation is required. 
We can get inspiration from Scarb https://docs.swmansion.com/scarb/download.html#windows

documentation

Component: Cast

Add info about manual installation on Windows in docs

### Component

Anvil

### Describe the feature you would like

hi team, like https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/pull/3262

would like also have this feature in anvil project, also happy with some guidance to contribute back. 

by the way, I would like to confirm my below understanding of forking:

I am forking eth network with block number by using private eth full node, found out multicall is very slow in this environment (couple minutes, > 5 minutes), while same calls on latest block number (no forking) is very very fast (<1 minute).

Is it because inside the box, the local forking node is actually requesting the remote full node with lots of `getStorageAt` request, so that make it slow. If true, I guess if I put the local forking test program into the full node machine, it should be much much faster.  Is my understanding correct? 

### Additional context

_No response_

T-feature

Foundry is a blazing fast, portable and modular toolkit for Ethereum application development written in Rust.

foundry

anvil feat: support forking at transaction level 

The `Discv5` type should expose its local ENR to external types. This is necessary for completion of sigp/lighthouse#4706.

The field in question is 

https://github.com/sigp/discv5/blob/d2e30e04ee62418b9e57278cee907c02b99d5bd1/src/discv5.rs#L91-L92

discv5

Expose ENR externally

jrush@linux:~/D/t/build|fix/fix-scraper-4✓➤ curl "http://localhost:8081/tokens?addrs=0x6b175474e89094c44da98b954eedeac495271d0f&chain=mainnet&cache&blocks=10000000-10018000:daily&fmt=txt&verbose=true"

produces empty dates.

I'm sure we simply forget to assign the timestamp.

TC-tools:tokens

The main repository for the TrueBlocks system

Contribute to open-source Web3 projects

✨ Ethereum.org

✨ Privacy & Scaling Explorations

✨ Solidity