
Ethereum represents the gateway to a worldwide, decentralized computing paradigm. This platform enables you to run decentralized applications (DApps) and smart contracts that have no central points of failure or control, integrate with a payment network, and operate on an open blockchain. With this practical guide, Andreas M. Antonopoulos and Gavin Wood provide everything you need to know about building smart contracts and DApps on Ethereum and other virtual-machine blockchains.

Discover why IBM, Microsoft, NASDAQ, and hundreds of other organizations are experimenting with Ethereum. This essential guide shows you how to develop the skills necessary to be an innovator in this growing and exciting new industry.

A guide to the operation and use of Ethereum and other EVM-compatible blockchains.

Mastering Ethereum


The story of the idealists, technologists, and opportunists fighting to bring cryptocurrency to the masses.

In their short history, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have gone through booms, busts, and internecine wars, recently reaching a market valuation of more than $2 trillion. The central promise of crypto endures—vast fortunes made from decentralized networks not controlled by any single entity and not yet regulated by many governments.

The recent growth of crypto would have been all but impossible if not for a brilliant young man named Vitalik Buterin and his creation: Ethereum. In this book, Laura Shin takes readers inside the founding of this novel cryptocurrency network, which enabled users to launch their own new coins, thus creating a new crypto fever. She introduces readers to larger-than-life characters like Buterin, the Web3 wunderkind; his short-lived CEO, Charles Hoskinson; and Joe Lubin, a former Goldman Sachs VP who became one of crypto’s most well-known billionaires. Sparks fly as these outsized personalities fight for their piece of a seemingly limitless new business opportunity.

This fascinating book shows the crypto market for what it really is: a deeply personal struggle to influence the coming revolution in money, culture, and power.

Idealism, Greed, Lies, and the Making of the First Big Cryptocurrency Craze

The Cryptopians


Tokens - often referred to as cryptocurrencies - can represent anything from an asset to an access right, such as gold, diamonds, a fraction of a Picasso painting or an entry ticket to a concert. Tokens could also be used to reward social media contributions, incentivize the reduction of CO2 emissions, or even ones attention for watching an ad. While it has become easy to create a token, which is collectively managed by a public Web3 infrastructure like a blockchain network, the understanding of how to apply these tokens is still vague.

The industry keeps referring to “Blockchain” as different from “Bitcoin,” creating an artificial divide that is often misleading. There seems to be too little understanding about the fact that Bitcoin is a blockchain network, which is (a) globally managed by people who mostly do not know each other, and (b) enabled by the consensus protocol that (c) incentivizes all network actors for their contributions with a native token. The governance rules are tied to the minting of a native blockchain token. The Bitcoin token can, therefore, be seen as the currency of a distributed Internet tribe, called the Bitcoin network, where network actors are rewarded with Bitcoins, just as the Ether is the currency of the distributed Internet tribe Ethereum network, or Sia is the native currency of the Sia network. The Bitcoin network and other distributed ledgers all represent a collectively maintained public infrastructure and are the backbone of the next generation Internet, what the crypto community refers to as the Web3.

This book attempts to summarize existing knowledge about blockchain networks and other distributed ledgers as the backbone of the Web3, and contextualize the socio-economic implications of the Web3 applications such as smart contracts, tokens, and DAOs to the concepts of money, economics, governance and decentralized finance (DeFi).

Token Economy


Learn to Code Blockchain DApps By Building Simple Games

CryptoZombies is an interactive school that teaches you all things technical about blockchains. Learn to make smart contracts in Solidity or Libra by making your own crypto-collectibles game.

#1 Solidity Tutorial & Ethereum Blockchain Programming Course

CryptoZombies


More and more DeFi projects on Ethereum are getting hacked. This is your chance to join the party.

Each challenge can be considered standalone. Depending on the challenge, you should either stop the system from working, steal as much funds as you can, or do some other unexpected things.

Put your black hat on, and break some DeFi projects on Ethereum!

Damn Vulnerable DeFi


This is an interactive tutorial website for learning Vyper while building games using smart contracts, similar to Cryptozombies.

VyperFun


Blockchain is an exciting new discipline in Computer Science. It combines a wide array of skills from math and cryptography to social sciences and understanding organizations. Understanding blockchain decentralization and how/where to apply it is a brand new skill that very few have mastered.

You will build your skills from the ground up with strong fundamentals that will provide you with the ability to adapt in this rapidly evolving ecosystem.

Choose From Multiple Paths to Begin Your Ethereum Coding Journey.

Fast-track your Ethereum Developer career in an instructor-led and challenging bootcamp focused on discussion and application!

ChainShot


This is an initiative for the early solidity developers by those who were early developers sometime.

In this approach, we are looking to categorize the smart contract according to the difficulty level in multiple standards. For now, we are keeping the standard 0 to 5(can be discussed).

This initiative needs great support from Blockchain enthusiast, developer and researchers to build this school in a way which can attract learners and provide them ease for development.

First place for early developers to learn Solidity 

solidity-school


## Introductory Modules

- What is a SNARK?
- Building a SNARK (part 1)
- Building a SNARK (part 2)

## Whiteboard Sessions with ZK Projects​

- SNARKs vs. STARKS with Brendan and Bobbin
- PLONK and Custom Gates with Adrian Hamelink
- Lookup Arguments for Performance Optimisation with Mary Maller
- Zero Knowledge Virtual Machine (zkVM) with grjte
- Achieving Decentralised Private Computation with Pratyush Mishra
- Introduction to zkRollups with Barry Whitehat
- zkEVM with Jordi Baylina
- ZK Swaps with Henry de Valence
- zkID with Oleksandr Brezhniev
- Fast Recursion with Plonky2 with William Borgeaud

ZK Whiteboard Sessions is an educational series on all things zero knowledge

ZK Whiteboard Sessions


## What is a smart contract?

Smart contracts are the backbone of decentralized applications (DApps) and Web3. A smart contract is a simple program that lives on a blockchain network (such as Ethereum). They're actually not that smart. And nothing like a (legal) contract. They’re more like an executable piece of code that requires input or an trigger from an external source. They can validate those input conditions and if correct, execute their own logic to update the state on a blockchain.

## Benefits

They often serve the following purposes:
- Store and maintain data
- Manage relationships with users, or other contracts

Benefits of smart contracts are
- Immutable - once deployed none can change them
- Composable - they’re public and anyone can interact with them, or build on top of them. Much like public APIs

## Resources

The following resources have been the most popular resources on the site for a long time. These are all highly recommend to start learning about Solidity


### 1. Official Solidity website
The most obvious resources is ofcourse the official website and documentation of the Solidity team itself. The Solidity team covers all the core concepts and fundamentals of Solidity and smart contracts in general. Highly recommended

https://soliditylang.org/


### 2. Solidity by Example
The second one on the list is Solidity by Example. A great collection of more pratical examples, incl. source code and supporting videos.

https://solidity-by-example.org/


### 3. CryptoZombies 
CryptoZombies is an interactive school that teaches you all things technical about blockchains. A fun and interactive way to write smart contracts in Solidity by making your own crypto-collectibles game.

https://cryptozombies.io/


### 4. Speedrun Ethereum

Speedrun Ethereum helps you get to the next level. It teaches you how to build on Ethereum; the superpowers and the gotchas while you build up your Web3 portfolio. If you like this, also make sure to check out the other work of the amazing [Austin Griffith](https://twitter.com/austingriffith) such as [ETH-build](https://eth.build/) and [Scaffold-eth](https://scaffoldeth.io/).

https://speedrunethereum.com/


### 5. Smart Contract Best Practices 

Smart contracts are complex instruments that have the authority to allocate high-value resources between complex systems. Often working autonomously. With huge financial loss at risk. This makes them critical components in these systems. Development of such components requires thoughtful design, solid engineering practices, rigorous testing and a strong security mindset. This document provides a baseline knowledge of security considerations.

https://consensys.github.io/smart-contract-best-practices/


## Other resources

If you'd like to read more, make sure to checkout all the other [Solidity](/tags/smart%20contracts) resources on the site.

Solidity is a programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum. It's the most in demand skill in the Web3 space. These are the best resources to help you learn more about it.

Best resources to learn Solidity

Free resources to learn about Zero Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and Cryptography

Road to ZK


Web3 is about the next evolution of the web. A web that is more open, transparent and permissionless and runs on decentralized infrastructure such as blockchains. Global and decentralized applications (DApps) that anyone can interact with. They often have native assets integrated (such as Ether) to transact value, but are not just about money or payments. These decentralized applications offer a range of digitial services, such as storage, bandwidth and computation without any risk of downtime, censorship, fraud, or 3rd-party interference.

## Benefits

- **Open** - in that they are built from open-source software, by an open and accessible community of developers and executed in full view of the world. 
- **Trustless** - in that the network itself allows participants to interact publicly, or privately without a trusted third party
- **Permissionless** - in that anyone, both users and suppliers, can participate without authorisation from a governing body


## Opportunities

- Financial Tools (payments, fund raising, lending, borrowing,..)
- Identity solutions (self-sovereign, decentralized identifiers,..) 
- More secure voting and governance mechanisms
- Efficient resources management (CO2 tracking, smart grid’s,..)
- Digital ownership registries (e.g. land, collectibles, NFT’s,..)
- Supply chain tracking


## Web3 Development

[useWeb3](https://www.useweb3.xyz/) is a learning platform for developers to explore and learn about Web3. Whether you’re a new dev getting your hands dirty for the first time, or a seasoned developer making the transition into the Web3 space. 

Explore the latest resources, tutorials, challenges, tools, courses and boilerplates and start learning. Once you’re ready, browse the job board to land a job at some of the leading companies that work on core, open-source infrastructure, products, tools, frameworks, DAO's, etc.


## Further reading

- [A Cyberphunk's Manifesto](https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/manifesto.html), Eric Hughes
- [The Meaning of Decentralization](https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/the-meaning-of-decentralization-a0c92b76a274), Vitalik Buterin
- [Why decentralization matters](https://onezero.medium.com/why-decentralization-matters-5e3f79f7638e), Chris Dixon
- [What Is Web 3.0 & Why It Matters](https://medium.com/fabric-ventures/what-is-web-3-0-why-it-matters-934eb07f3d2b), Max Mersch and Richard Muirhead
- [What exactly is Web3?](https://youtu.be/l44z35vabvA), Juan Benet (VIDEO)


Web3 is about the next evolution of the web. A web that is more open, transparent and decentralized.

What is Web3


Create Eth App supports multiple frontend frameworks. It comes with a host of decentralized finance templates pre-filled with contract ABIs, addresses and subgraphs. Everything you need to build a modern Ethereum-powered single-page app.

- Learning how to write Ethereum-powered apps in a comfortable and feature-rich development environment.
- Starting new Ethereum-powered single-page React applications without wasting time on copy-pasting boilerplates
- Creating examples with React for your Ethereum-related libraries and components.

Create Ethereum-powered apps with one command

Create Eth App


Everything you need to build on Ethereum!

Quickly experiment with Solidity using a frontend that adapts to your smart contract

Forkable Ethereum dev stack focused on fast product iterations

Scaffold-ETH


Introduces great features:

- React hooks - Uses React hooks as your primary building ingredient
- Auto refresh - Refreshes on a new block, wallet change or network change
- Multicall - Combines multiple blockchain calls into a single multicall

Combines the best practices:
- Modern stack - Employs ethers.js, web3-react, multicall & waffle
- Extendability - Extends easily with custom hooks
- Testability - Simple integration tests for UI and blockchain

Framework for rapid Dapp development. Simple. Robust. Extendable. Testable

useDapp


Becoming a blockchain engineer is the most fun, rewarding, and exhilarating choice I’ve and my colleagues have ever made. And we’ve already blazed the trail for you to get started! In this article, we will show you exactly how to learn to become a blockchain engineer, from beginner to professional.

Spoiler alert, here is the exact blueprint we are going to cover to get you to a successful blockchain engineer:

1. Understand why you should become a blockchain engineer
2. Take a Blockchain Course
3. Join a Hackathon, the Community, & Build
4. Start your own protocol, Take a job, Freelance & Contribute

If you make it this far, you’ve done it! Although, I’ll add a bonus step 5 that we will talk about soon.

5. You’ve made it! Keep learning!

That’s it! These are the exact steps you need to take to become a blockchain engineer!

Become a blockchain, solidity, and smart contract engineer by following these steps

Become a Blockchain Engineer


Odds are you’ve heard about the Ethereum blockchain, whether or not you know what it is. It’s been in the news a lot lately, including the cover of some major magazines, but reading those articles can be like gibberish if you don’t have a foundation for what exactly Ethereum is. So what is it? In essence, a public database that keeps a permanent record of digital transactions. Importantly, this database doesn’t require any central authority to maintain and secure it. Instead it operates as a “trustless” transactional system — a framework in which individuals can make peer-to-peer transactions without needing to trust a third party OR one another.

Still confused? That’s where this post comes in. My aim is to explain how Ethereum functions at a technical level, without complex math or scary-looking formulas. Even if you’re not a programmer, I hope you’ll walk away with at least better grasp of the tech. If some parts are too technical and difficult to grok, that’s totally fine! There’s really no need to understand every little detail. I recommend just focusing on understanding things at a broad level.

Many of the topics covered in this post are a breakdown of the concepts discussed in the yellow paper. I’ve added my own explanations and diagrams to make understanding Ethereum easier. Those brave enough to take on the technical challenge can also read the Ethereum yellow paper.

Many of the topics covered in this post are a breakdown of the concepts discussed in the yellow paper. I’ve added my own explanations and diagrams to make it easier.

How does Ethereum work, anyway?


I recently joined Edge & Node as a Developer Relations Engineer and have been diving deeper into smart contract development with Ethereum. I have settled upon what I think is the best stack for building full stack dApps with Solidity:

▶︎ Client Framework - React
▶︎ Ethereum development environment - Hardhat
▶︎ Ethereum Web Client Library - Ethers.js
▶︎ API layer - The Graph Protocol

Building Full Stack dApps with React, Ethers.js, Solidity, and Hardhat

The Complete Guide to Full Stack Ethereum Development


Educational sandbox for building on web3. Visually understand how Ethereum works by doing.

ETH.Build


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyMwXuJrbJQ

This course will give you a full introduction into all of the core concepts in blockchain, smart contracts, solidity, NFTs/ERC721s, ERC20s, Coding Decentralized Finance (DeFi), javascript and solidity, Chainlink, Ethereum, upgradable smart contracts, and full stack blockchain development.   

Some of the technologies covered are:
- The Graph
- Chainlink
- Metamask
- Alchemy
- Remix
- Hardhat
- Solidity
- Openzeppelin
- Trail of Bits
- Ganache
- Ethers
- Etherscan
- Coinmarketcap
- Aave
- IPFS
- Fleek.hq
- Filecoin
- NextJS
- Moralis
- Web3uikit
- Opensea
- Pinata
- Nft.storage

 And more!

Follow along with the videos and you'll be a blockchain wizard in no time!  💻 The repository with helpful links to all code, resources, and support forums is located here: https://github.com/smartcontractkit/full-blockchain-solidity-course-js.

This course will give you a full introduction into all of the core concepts related to blockchain, smart contracts, Solidity, ERC20s, full-stack Web3 dapps, decentralized finance (DeFi), JavaScript, TypeScript, Chainlink, Ethereum, upgradable smart contracts, DAOs, the graph, moralis, aave, IPFS, and more. Follow along with the videos and you'll be a blockchain wizard in no time!

Learn Blockchain, Solidity, and Full Stack Web3 Development with JavaScript – 32-Hour Course


Learning Solidity with a collection of YouTube videos and example code.

Learning Solidity


Here we collect and discuss the best DeFi & Blockchain researches and tools 

DeFi Developer roadmap


Nowadays there are countless well-made resources on how to learn blockchain development of all kinds and with different specializations in mind, however, it is still very hard to get guidance and personalized suggestions based on your interests. I am writing this guide in order to provide an aggregator of all the resources that I’ve found over the years, plus give some opinionated commentary on how to approach them and how to use them in order to maximize learning and practical understanding in order to get building cool things in the space as soon as possible.

This guide will focus on the Ethereum ecosystem as that’s where most developers and applications are. If you are interested in other ecosystems that are non-EVM compatible and are not L2s on Ethereum, then check out their respective documentation or guides written by their developer communities. Examples of other non-EVM compatible blockchains that are popular are Solana (Rust/Anchor), Polkadot (Rust/Substrate), Cosmos, Terra, and others. Most of these blockchains do or will support the EVM stack through various initiatives like Neon EVM (Solana), Moonbeam/Moonriver (Polkadot/Kusama), EVMOS (Cosmos), etc.

I really want this guide to become a community-sourced public good that everyone will be able to take advantage of. I will do my best to present it to the wider blockchain developer community to get constructive feedback, proofreading help, and insight into how to make it the best available guide available.

devpill.me


This document provides a baseline knowledge of security considerations for intermediate Solidity programmers. It is maintained by ConsenSys Diligence, with contributions from our friends in the broader Ethereum community.

A guide to Ethereum smart contract security best practices

Smart Contract Best Practices

### Done Criteria

Use [as-chacha20poly1305](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@chainsafe/as-chacha20poly1305) instead of the stablelib variant: [stablelib.ts#L4](https://github.com/ChainSafe/js-libp2p-noise/blob/master/src/crypto/stablelib.ts#L4)

### Motivation

Reduce performance penalities caused by the stablelib version. See [slack](https://filecoinproject.slack.com/archives/C03K82MU486/p1670276284237439?thread_ts=1669817835.906269&cid=C03K82MU486).


good first issue

help wanted

P3 - Low

js-libp2p-noise

TypeScript

Migrate to as-chacha20poly1305

The errors definition in assembly created a domain separation between parsing and compilation.

This is a nice thing to have, but it is also creating more complexity that might not be necessary. One example is the need to add a concrete new type to represent `LibraryError`. A library error happens when a path is invalid, and this contains partially some parsing logic (i.e. the path should not contain module delimiters and should follow some format rules), or when a module path is duplicated for a same library (that goes beyond parsing a single module).

As result, we are creating more types, and this is undesirable because maintenance might become too hard.

One proposition is to have a single error definition that will encompass all of the variants. A challenge for that is the parsing error that depends on `Token` to correctly display the relevant information to the user, while this will not be applicable to other contexts (library path resoution, serialization/deserialization, etc).

Other alternative is to maintain the domain separation between the parsing error and the remainder errors, but we might end duplicating some validation logic as the library path rules will also be subject to parse & format when we deserialize libraries from binary input (hence, we don't parse from source/str).

_Originally posted by @bobbinth in https://github.com/maticnetwork/miden/pull/579#discussion_r1039849034_
      

assembly

miden

Rust

Refactor assembly error

If a contract's metadata is available on IPFS and we can fetch it, we should likely be able also fetch the source files. Sometimes the source code is already fully inside the metadata file if `useLiteralContent` was true in the compiler settings.

In the popup, if it was possible to fetch the metadata:
- [ ] Parse and display the source code if `useLiteralContent` was true
- [ ] Try to fetch the source code of each file under `sources` and display them in the popup

enhancement

low-priority

Decentralized Solidity contract source code verification service

sourcify

[playground]: Show the source code on the contract popup too

### Component

Forge

### Describe the feature you would like

in anvil we have

`--no_rate_limit` and `--cups` options to control budgets for the provider in forking mode.

we should add this to forge as well, ideally via `Config` in rpc_endpoints settings

### Additional context

_No response_

T-feature

D-easy

Foundry is a blazing fast, portable and modular toolkit for Ethereum application development written in Rust.

foundry

Add --cups and --no-rate-limit options to forge

Add MTR (My Traceroute) type diagnostic capabilities into the indy-node-monitor CLI and API.  For use when troubleshooting network connectivity to a network or individual nodes.

Features should also include the ability to determine and list the current node configuration for a network based on the current pool transaction information.  This would list all of the nodes that are contained in the pool transactions file along with their current status (i.e. IP addresses, and validator status (active/inactive), etc.).

indy-node-monitor

Python

Add network diagnostics 

Record and report network and node response times.
- At the network level this would be the time it takes to establish the initial connection with the pool.
- At the node level this would be the time it takes for individual nodes to respond to queries.

Add detection and reporting of network/node response time

To improve debugging experience, it may be helpful to know which lines in the source file contain malformed instructions. This can be achieved by adding line numbers to the `ParsingError` messages.

To do this, we need to add line number to the [Token](https://github.com/maticnetwork/miden/blob/next/assembly/src/tokens/mod.rs#L11) struct. This may be in addition to, or instead of, the current `pos` field. This also means that we should collect line number info when we construct a token stream (i.e., [here](https://github.com/maticnetwork/miden/blob/next/assembly/src/tokens/stream.rs#L24)).

It would probably make sense to track line numbers is a separate map inside a `TokenStream`. This map would map a token position to a line number. This may result in a non-negligible performance overhead, and thus, we may want to introduce an option to instantiate token streams in debug mode. Then, line number info would be collected only in debug mode.

Note: this would help only with errors generated by the parsers. For better run-time debugging experience a more comprehensive solution is needed.

Add line numbers to parer error messages

## Description

In the Lighthouse account manager currently the `validator-dir` flag needs to come _directly_ after the `validator` subcommand, which gives it quite poor UX and discoverability.

i.e. you need to write

```
lighthouse account validator --validator-dir /path import --keystores /blah
```

but can't write

```
lighthouse account validator import --validator-dir /path --keystores /blah
```

## Version

Lighthouse v3.3.0

## Steps to resolve

I think there are options in `clap` (our CLI parser) to mark certain flags as global. I'm not sure if global is overkill though, I should hope it only applies from that subcommand _down_ and _not_ all the way up to the top-level `lighthouse` command.


val-client

UX-and-logs

lighthouse

Support --validator-dir and other flags after subcommands

Currently, when processing field operations with immediate values does some minimal optimizations. For example. `add.1` instruction is replaced with `Incr` (see code [here](https://github.com/maticnetwork/miden/blob/next/assembly/src/assembler/instruction/field_ops.rs#L17)), `mul.0` instruction is replaced with `Drop Pad` etc. We can take this a step further.

Specifically:
- Addition:
  - `add.0` can be translated into `Noop`.
  - `add.2` can be translated into `Incr Incr`.
- Multiplication:
  - `mul.1` can be translated into `Noop`.
  - `mul.2` can be translated into `Dup0 Add`
- Division
  - `div.1` can be translated into a `Noop`.

While many of these changes don't reduce the number of cycles, we avoid using a `Push` operation which is relatively more costly than other operations.

More efficient handling of immediate value for field ops

When we introduced the new `ethersStateManager`, it allows for essentially forking mainnet (or any chain) and running transactions locally against the state of that chain.  One can chain transactions together and see the effect of multiple transactions on the state of the chain without actually submitting a real transaction.  

It would be nice to implement a new `ethers` provider interface that extends the `JsonRPCProvider` by wrapping it with the `ethersStateManager` and proxying `getBalance`/`getCode`/`getStorageAt` state related calls to the `ethersStateManager` so that developers can make simulated testing against forked chain state much easier since they will be able to just use `ethers` without directly having to interact with the `stateManager` or other lower level primitives in the `@ethereumjs` stack.

An approximate implementation will be:
1) Add a new `ethersForkedStateProvider` file under the `stateManager` package 
2) Create a new class that will extend the `jsonRpcProvider` interface from `ethers`
3) Accepts a remote RPC provider URL as a parameter
4) Has the `ethersStateManager` as a private element of the class
5) Override the `getAccount`/`getCode`/`getStorageAt` functions with new innards that call the equivalent methods on the `ethersStateManager` object (which will in turn call out to the remote RPC provider if the state isn't found locally).

type: feature

prio: P4 nice-to-have

effort: E2 days

package: statemanager

Monorepo for the Ethereum VM TypeScript Implementation

ethereumjs-monorepo

Implement an ethers provider that wraps `ethersStateManager` 

Reference example: https://github.com/privacy-scaling-explorations/zkevm-circuits/pull/803

zkevm-circuits

Refactor Exp Circuit with challenge API

Refactor Copy Circuit with challenge API

As laid out in the [docs](https://docs.sourcify.dev/docs/libraries/) the placeholder format pre-0.5.0 was different. Handle the case with this formatting for library extraction.


quick-fix

Handle library extraction for Solidity <0.5.0

Links pasted on Discord display the original URL to the h5ai's author website. 

![image](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/13069972/204356291-86331fde-c9df-458d-857a-c0c5a7470f36.png)
(image when pasting https://repo.sourcify.dev/contracts/full_match/1/0xd5B284609c4C82D2E23E924522797821b89D5AC6/)

- [ ] Instead display Sourcify information. 
- [ ] Also check for Twitter and OpenGraph meta tags https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/twitter-for-websites/cards/overview/markup Use `og` tags when possible 


[repository]: Fix cards in Discord

Currently `callop.rs` and `error_oog_call.rs` (and probably more to come) are sharing an important amount of code.
It will be nice to refactor both.

T-refactor

`CALL` & `CALL` OOG refactor

also show how to disable gas metering (for performance)

documentation

titanoboa

docs: gas profiling

compiler vs dev vs vm errors. see the tests in test_reverts.py.

docs: revert matching details

pytest plugin, and also hypothesis. state isolation, strategies.

docs: test plugin

we probably want to document the high level API -- `VyperContract._storage: StorageModel`

Contribute to open-source Web3 projects

✨ Ethereum.org

✨ Privacy & Scaling Explorations

✨ Solidity